What is a Do Not Resuscitate (DNR) order?

A Do Not Resuscitate (DNR) order is a formal medical directive that instructs healthcare providers not to attempt CPR or other emergency resuscitation procedures if a person experiences cardiac arrest or respiratory failure. In Ontario, DNR orders are recognized as part of advance care planning and are documented through standardized forms, most commonly the DNR Confirmation Form, which is maintained in the person's medical record and communicated to all relevant care teams.

For older adults and people with serious or terminal illnesses, a DNR order reflects personal values and medical reality. When someone chooses not to be resuscitated, they are typically declining an intervention that carries significant risks of broken ribs, brain damage, or prolonged life on mechanical support, especially when recovery is unlikely. The decision respects the person's autonomy and allows focus on comfort and quality of life rather than aggressive intervention.

A DNR order does not mean stopping other medical care. People with DNR orders continue to receive treatment, medications, pain relief, and support. The order applies only to the specific decision about CPR. In long-term care homes, retirement residences, and hospitals across Ontario, staff must respect a valid DNR order and ensure it is clearly communicated during shift changes and care transitions. Families and individuals should discuss DNR status with their healthcare provider and ensure the order is in writing and kept accessible. Palliative and end-of-life care providers often help people and their families explore these decisions as part of comprehensive care planning.